			1.

	  ஢  ZX-spectrum  
 ,    ᠬ ᮪
ந⥫쭮.

	  ࠧࠡ稪, -  ᮡ⥩  Z80,
㢥祭 த⢨  뫮 ⨦ १⮬.  
४   "०  㢥稢 ந⥫쭮 "
 ?   ⠪.    ⭥,  㢥祭  1.7
ࠧ,    ,    ⨯ ldir 㢥祭
ந室   ࠧ,    ⠪. 稢 ⠪⮢   
ࠧ  ⠢  ,  ࠡ⠥ , ॠ쭮
㢥祭 த⢨ 砥  1.5 ࠧ,  ⮬ ᫥  
 ⨯ ldir (⥬,   ,   뢠,   
  樨,   ⮨   , 롨ࠥ  
  横 ,   ࠭ ⮦ 室  , ⠪ 
 ࠧ , 㢥祭  1.5   ),  ⮫쪮 
ॣ஢ ,  ᥣ  롮ઠ   ,
㢥祭 砥  1.7 ࠧ.

	ଠ  ।⠢ ,  ஬ ०  
 㢥祭 ந⥫쭮   ࠧ,    7
  砥   ⠪   ⨢ .

	 ᥩ ਨ 襣  ।   稫
㦥 ਧ.    ⮢ ᮪ 業 ⢮
奬孨  ணࠬ ᯥ祭,  ᮪ 孮筮 
७  ⥫᪨ ᫮.    祭 ⢥
  ᥣ譥 뭪 ஢. ⠪!  ஢ 
த, ।  -

		                 - 2

	᮫⭮ ,  㬥   ,   ⮦
㬥 .  ࠢ ७ ,  ࠡ 
樮 ⥬  /, ७ ࠭.   ⮨ 
  ⮬,  ,  砥  ⠭⭮ ZX-spectrum 
,  㬥 ZX-spectrum-48  ZX-spectrum-128, 砥   
   㬥.   -   ᮢ⨬ 
ZX-spectrum-128.

	  ⫨   ?

  -	 ,  ᮪ ந⥫쭮,  ⮣ 奬
஥ ⠪ ࠧ,   ⠭    ᮪
த⢨, ந⥫쭮    ᨫ쭥
㢥.

  -	७ ࠭  - ⠫ 梥,   ,  
⭠ ६ 뢮  ࠭ 権 梥  
 256 ਠ⮢ 梥.       ⨭,
⥯  ࠦ  㣨 䥪.

  -	 祭  ⨯ ,  ⮬ ᫥ 
   IBM-XT/AT,   ࠡ  
   ०   筮 Spectrum   
樮 ⥬.  KEMPSTON-⨪  


ணࠬ஢       ᫥⥫쭮 (..
ਬ FIRE   ᫥⥫쭮  ᪮쪮 ).

  -	   ⨢      
ᨩ 訢 .  ,    ᨥ   뫠
 -   ணࠬ.   讥 ⢮ ࠧ
ᨩ -ᮢ, ⮢,      २⢠ ।
⠫묨. 뭥   㤥 ,  ⠪ "  㦠".
 㦠? ஡㥬  㣮 ᨨ!   ᯮ짮 
ᨨ -   ᫥,  ࡮  ,     祭
᪮쪨 ᥪ㭤. ஬ ⮣,    ⠭
ண騥  ⨯ 27512.

  -	  ࣮ᨬ  ,  
 ࠭ ⠭ ० .  ⠪
࣮ᨬ ஥ .

	ண ᯮ, 짮⥫  ந⥫, ᪠  
㣠 ᫮  ,  ⠫   ७.
ࠡ稪 襩  ᨫ쭮 㤨  ⢮ 奬
ࠪ᪨  㢥稫.  筮, 諮 ᯮ짮 
⭮ ,   ண  ண,     室
஭.

	     - 2  ᠬ ⮩ 쬨ࠧ來 .


		2. ணࠬ஢ 

		2.1   

     ͻ  ͻ  ͻ            ͻ  ͻ
1024  segm.  segm.  segm.         segm.  segm.
        no-0   no-1   no-2             no-3E  no-3F
        ͼ  ͼ  ͼ            ͼ  ͼ

     ͻ  ͻ  ͻ  ͻ
  64  segm.  segm.  segm.  segm.
        no-40  no-41  no-42  no-43
        ͼ  ͼ  ͼ  ͼ

	    㤥  ᥣ⠬  
⮬  ࠬ  40  43.

	אַ-㥬 ஬ Z80  ࠢ 64- ⠬,
⮬  㢥祭   ਬ ᥣ , ..
   128  1024  ࠧ  16- 
ᥣ.   ⮢ CMR0  CMR1  ᥣ   
       䨪஢  ⮣ 
(    ஥஢).

	    ।⠢ ᫥騬 ࠧ, 
⠪  ਢ ਬ ᯮ짮 ࠧ ᥣ⮢ 
ᯮ짮 SP-DOS.


                       ਬ ᯮ짮
              ( ਬ  ⥬ SP-DOS)
---------------------------------------------------------------------

  ͻ0ffffh   ͻ  ࠭ ணࠬ
               00////    0000h-3fffh
   ஥.          ͼ
    1         ͻ  ࠭ ணࠬ
  Ķ0bfffh   01////    4000h-7fffh
   segm.02         ͼ
                   ͻ  ࠭ ணࠬ
                   02////    8000h-0bfffh
  Ķ7fffh    ͼ
               ͻ 
   ஥.          03       १  ७
    2         ͼ   ⥬  㦠
  Ķ3fffh    ͻ   ࠩ஢
   segm.00         04     
                   ͼ 
                   ͻ 室 ⭮-ᨬ
  ͼ0000h    05////  1 (1)  梥⭮
                     ͼ ਡ ࠭
                     ͻ ⥫쭮 ࠭ 
                     06////  ࠭ 512*240 祪
                     ͼ
                     ͻ ᥣ,  ஬ 室
                     07////  ࠡ⠥ 樮 ⥬
                     ͼ
		     ͻ ᥣ,  ஬ 室
		     08//// ࠡ稥 祩   
		     ͼ
		     ͻ     
		     09//// 訢 TR-DOS
		     ͼ
		     ͻ    
		     0A////    訢
		     ͼ  Spectrum-128
		     ͻ 
		     0B//// 
		     ͼ 
		     ͻ
		     0C      0C,0D,0F  ᯮ짮
		     ͼ   ७ ⥬ 
		     ͻ   ஭ 
		     0D    
		     ͼ
		     ͻ  ਡ 梥  ७-
		     0E////   ࠭ ० 512*240
		     ͼ
		     ͻ
		     0F    
		     ͼ


                   Ŀ
                    ͻ    ᥣ ⥫쭮
                    10     ७ .  
                    ͼ ᯮ짮  ⥬ 
                    ͻ ஭ .  稥,
                    11     ᫥⥫쭮 ᯮ
                    ͼ  ⢮   
                             易⥫.
                            
                            
                    ͻ 
                    3F     
                    ͼ 
                   

	᫨ -  ஥஢   ⨢,  
⮬   ᯮ ᫥騥 ᥣ :   
஥஢ -1 㤥 ᯮ ᥣ-7,    
஥஢ -2 - ᥣ-5.


		2.2   

	       ஥஢, 
ਭ樯    樨,  ⮣  ,    㣮
 ᯮ ⮣  ਢ  ⮬,  ⠬,    㤥
 ᥣ,  ᮢ  ⮣ ⪠ .

	2.2.1 ⠭⭠   ࠡ -128

                  Adr14=0    Adr14=1    Adr14=0    Adr14=1
                  Adr15=0    Adr15=0    Adr15=1    Adr15=1
஢   ͻ    ͻ    ͻ    ͻ
64- .      ----segm.----segm.----segm.
 -->      |      no-5     no-2     no-7 
                  Vͼ    ͼ    ͼ    ͼ
   CMR0_D4 =0     ͻ*  Ŀ
   TR_DOS' =0     segm.*  
(-ணࠬ) no-XX*  
                  ͼ*  
   CMR0_D4 =1     ͻ   
   TR_DOS' =0     segm.   
( TR-DOS)     no-41   
                  ͼ   
   CMR0_D4 =0     ͻ   
   TR_DOS' =1     segm.   
( Sincl.128.1)no-42   
                  ͼ   
   CMR0_D4 =1     ͻ   
   TR_DOS' =1     segm.   
( Sincl.128.2)no-43   
                  ͼ   



	2.2.2   ࠡ -128  ᥢ-

	⫨稥 ⮩    ।饩 砥  ⮬, 
     16-   ᭮ ࠭⢥
⠢ ,    ,      
. ..    ணࠬ, 㦥   ,  
⫨    .    ᥣ  ⮫쪮 
஥஢  ᮣ᭮ ࠢ ஥஢.    ⮬
० 㤥 뢠 ࠡ⮩  ᥢ-.

                  Adr14=0    Adr14=1    Adr14=0    Adr14=1
                  Adr15=0    Adr15=0    Adr15=1    Adr15=1
஢   ͻ    ͻ    ͻ    ͻ
64- .      ----segm.----segm.----segm.
 -->      |      no-5     no-2     no-7 
                  Vͼ    ͼ    ͼ    ͼ
   CMR0_D4 =0     ͻ*  Ŀ
   TR_DOS' =0     segm.*  
(-ணࠬ) no-XX*  
                  ͼ*  
   CMR0_D4 =1     ͻ   
   TR_DOS' =0     segm.   
( TR-DOS)     no-09   
                  ͼ   
   CMR0_D4 =0     ͻ   
   TR_DOS' =1     segm.   
( Sincl.128.1)no-0A   
                  ͼ   
   CMR0_D4 =1     ͻ   
   TR_DOS' =1     segm.   
( Sincl.128.2)no-0B   
                  ͼ   


	2.2.3    ࠡ  "ୠ⨢ "

	 ᪫ 砥 ⮫쪮  ᨣ ALTM'=0. 
 㯠      ६ ᪨㥬
뢠  ࠡ⪨ .  ⮬    
 ⭠  ࠢ ᪫    
ᮮ⢥ ᥬ,  ᠭ .     , 
ADR14=0   ADR15=0 ᨬ  ﭨ ᨣ CMR0_D4  TR_DOS
஥ ⠪ 뢠 ᥣ XX.


	   室   ﭨ  ᨬ 
 DOSTUP6(D6)  CMR1.

	DOSTUP6=0
 3FFFHͻ
                   8- ⭠  
         08.1      08- ᥣ .
                 
 2000HĶ
                  ࢠ 8- ⭠  
         40.0      40- ᥣ .
                 
 0000Hͼ

	DOSTUP6=1
 3FFFHͻ 16  
                   40- ᥣ .
                 
         segm    
         no 40   
                 
                 
                 
 0000Hͼ

		2.3 ⥬  

	   ⥬  CMR0, CMR1  UPRK, 
ࠢ ᥬ ० .  ⮬  CMR0 
ᮢ⨬  ஬ "Spectrum-128",  ⠫  
७  ࠢ ⥫묨 ﬨ .

	祭 ⮢  CMR0
     Ŀ
        CMR0               - 07FFDH                
     ͵
       D0 - SEGA0    ஥㥬 ᥣ           
       D1 - SEGA1                                    
       D2 - SEGA2                                          
     Ĵ
       D3 - POLEKR    ࠭: 0 - 5- ᥣ     
                                       1 - 7- ᥣ     
     Ĵ
       D4 - CMR0_D4   ᥣ                   
                     0 - spectrum-128  (ᥣ 40,42)      
                     1 - spectrum-48   (ᥣ 41,43)      
     Ĵ
       D5 - CMR0_D5   ࠡ  CMR0            
            ᫥ ⠭ ⮣   1   -
            ⠥ ணࠬ஢.     
            NOROM' ᭨  ஢.                  
     Ĵ
       D6 -                                     
       D7 -                                                
     


	祭 ⮢  CMR1
     Ŀ
        CMR1               - 0DFFDH                
     ͵
       D0 - SEGA3    ஥㥬 ᥣ           
       D1 - SEGA4                                    
       D2 - SEGA5                                          
     Ĵ
       D3 - 롮   ஥஢              
            0 -   1, 1 -   2              
     Ĵ
       D4 - NOROM 1 - ⪫砥 ஢  CMR0      
                  몫砥   ⠢           
                     ᥣ 00                  
     Ĵ
       D5 - CP/M  1 -  ࠡ ஫ TR-DOS  
                  砥  ஫              
                                          
     Ĵ
       D6 - DOSTUP6 1 - ஥ ⥫           
                  ࠭ (ᥣ 06)            
                     ᥣ 02,  ⮬ 
                   D3 CMR0   ࠢ 1           
     Ĵ
       D7 - 80DS  1 - 砥 ⥫ ࠭  - 
                  ࠦ (४砥 ⠪⮢ ) 
     

	祭 ⮢  UPRK:
     Ŀ
        UPRK               - 06FFDH                
     ͵
       D0 - PUP0      1 - ⠭  0 ᨣ Clock       
                      IBM                         
     Ĵ
       D1 - PUP1      1 - ⠭  0 ᨣ DATA        
                       IBM, ஢ .
                      ᨬ ࠧ襭  D0=D1=0      
                     ⠫ ⠭ ᯮ    
                     ணࠬ஢ AT  XT/AT . 
     Ĵ
       D2 - CMOS9     9   CMOS.                    
     Ĵ
       D3 - CMOS10    10   CMOS.                   
                      CMOS9  CMOS10        
                     ࠧ 256- ⪨ CMOS.    
     Ĵ
       D4 - S_DS       ४祭 ० 樨   
                      ⮢.                               
     Ĵ
       D5 - PROFI   ० NOROM ।       
                   ࠭ 梥 ७              
                   ࠭: '0' - ࠭ 3AH,              
                           '1' - ࠭ 0EH.              
                    ० 㬠 । ࠡ-      
                    : '0' - 䨧᪮ ,            
                           '1' - ᥢ-.                

     Ĵ
       D6 - FLASH  ।  7  -    
                   ⮢:   '0' - 栭,                 
                            '1' - મ 䮭.             
     Ĵ
       D7 - END_ALT ᯮ    ०     
                   ࠡ⪨ NMI.  ஭ ⢥⮣ M1   
                   ᫥ ⠭ ⮣        
                   ந室    ,       
                   ⠭  室 NMI.            
     

ਬ砭: ⮬ FLASH ⠭ 訩 (⨩)   
ணࠬ஢ .  ᠭ ணࠬ஢  祭 
 㤥 ᭥ ஡.

		2.4  ⮢ 

   	稥  ᯮ ⮢  ᭮ ࠭⢥
/뢮 । ७  訢  
  ०,   室 .

   	 奬   ᨣ,  ࠢ
०   ࠢ 樨.   ᫥饩 ⠡ 
஡ ᢥ  ०,  ⮢,  ᮮ⢥⢨ ࠢ
 ᨣ ,   ⥭  ,   ᠬ 㤮 ᯮᮡ
।⠢ ,  㤮⢨ ਬ  । 
⮬ .

Ŀ
 ᨣ -    ०   浪                          
 㯠騥 Ĵ
  A   B    C    D    E    A*   B*   C*   D*   E* 
͵
                   ஢ ᨣ    ஢ ᨣ             
Ĵ
 cmr0_d5    1    0    X    0    1    1    0    X    0    1  
Ĵ
 norom'     1    1    0            1    1    0          
Ĵ
 S_ds       0    0    0    0    0    1    1    1    1    1  
Ĵ
 altm'      1    1    1    0    0    1    1    1    0    0  



Ŀ
 -     ࠭⢥ /뢮                      
  ⮢      ---    ०                
       -r  ⮫쪮 ⥭                                    
  樨               -w  ⮫쪮                             
 ணࠬ               -r/w    ⥭                        
                 nnh   ⪠                              
               nnnnh                                
Ĵ
            A    B    C    D    E    A*   B*   C*   D*   E* 
͵
 R_KEY'    ---  ---  ---  feh  ---  feh  feh  feh  ---  feh 
                          -r        -r   -r   -r        -r  
Ĵ
 C_BORD    feh  feh  ---  ---  feh  feh  feh  feh  ---  feh 
           -w   -w             -w   -w   -w   -w        -w  
Ĵ
 CS_CMOS'  feh  feh  feh  feh  feh  ---  ---  ---  feh  --- 
           -r   -r   -r/w -w   -r                 -r/w      
Ĵ
 C_UPRK    ---  --- 6ffdh6ffdh6ffdh ---  --- 6ffdh6ffdh6ffdh
    ***              -r/w -r/w -r/w           -r/w -r/w -r/w
Ĵ
 C_CMR0    --- 7ffdh7ffdh7ffdh7ffdh --- 7ffdh7ffdh7ffdh7ffdh
    ***         -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w      -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w
Ĵ
 C_CMR1   dffdhdffdhdffdhdffdhdffdhdffdhdffdhdffdhdffdhdffdh
    ***    -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w -r/w
Ĵ
 RD_KEY'   ---  --- cffdhcffdhcffdh ---  --- cffdhcffdhcffdh
                     -r   -r   -r             -r   -r   -r  
Ĵ
 WR_PAL'   ---  --- cffdhcffdhcffdh ---  --- cffdhcffdhcffdh
                     -w   -w   -w             -w   -w   -w  


  	ᠭ ०:

  	A ? ०,   室  ᪫ Sinclair-48 
   ⮬ CMR0, ⠪   ⮬ ﭨ  
   ON/OFF.

  	B -  室  ᪫ Sinclair ( ࠢ  48 
128)     ⮬ CMR0.  ON/OFF   .

	 ०     ⮩  ON/OFF 祧 
࠭⢠ /뢮  CMR1.  ⠡   ભ
.

  	C -  室  ०,   (ᨬ
䨧᪮  ᥢ-) 몫祭     ஢
ᨣ NOROM',   ᨣ ᭨ ஢  CMR0, ..
頥  ॠ  ᨣ CMR0_D5.  ०  ᭮
 ࠡ 樮 ⥬ ⨯ CP/M (SP-DOS).


  	D,E -  室  ० ࠡ⪨ ᪨㥬
뢠  㦨 .  ० 㯠  
஢ ᨣ ALTM'.   ,   
஥஢ ⠪,   ⨢ ᨣ NOROM'  ०
  .




    ⮢ ⥬   "-2"
   ------------------------------------------------------

    ⮢ 믮  奬 55618, 
   뢠   .

     室  ⨢  ஢
롨 ᫥騥 :

Ŀ
뢮            祭                   
奬 ᨣ()                              
͵
   Q0  R_KEY'   ⠭ ᨭ      ⥭    
                                      
                                                      
   Q1  C_BOARD  ॣ  ࠭          
                                                      
   Q2  CS_CMOS'                   ⥭    
                ᥢ-               
                                                      
   Q3  C_UPRK   ⥫ ࠢ-         
                騩 ॣ -2                  
                                                      
   Q4  C_CMR0   ⠭ ᨭ          
                ࠢ騩 ॣ                   
                                                      
   Q5  C_CMR1   㦥 ⠭, 䨢᪨     
                ࠢ騩 ॣ                   
                                                      
   Q6  RD_KEY'  ᮢ⨬  IBM-XT -   ⥭    
                                         
                                                      
   Q7  WR_PAL'   㯠  ॣ஢     
                䠩                          


    ⠡  ⮫쪮  ⥭
ਭ樯쭮 奬,   ணࠬ ࠪ᪨ 
 ଠ樨.


  ⮬   ⠫   ⮩
 ON/OFF ய   ॣ CMR1 , ஬ ⮣, 祭
⮣ ॣ ⠭  ᮢ ﭨ.


   ,  
⨨   ON/OFF  ० ࠧ 祧, ⮬  
NOROM' ⭮ ३  ⨢ ᮪ ﭨ.

				 ᠭ ᪫  祭 ⮣
० 㤥 ᠭ ஡.
